script_18.py - Working Hours Validator

Code

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Working hours validator"""

hours = float(input("Enter hours worked: "))

if hours < 0:
    print("Invalid: hours cannot be negative")
elif hours <= 40:
    pay = hours * 15
    print(f"Regular pay: ${pay:.2f}")
else:
    regular_pay = 40 * 15
    overtime_pay = (hours - 40) * 22.50
    print(f"Regular pay: ${regular_pay:.2f}")
    print(f"Overtime pay: ${overtime_pay:.2f}")
    print(f"Total pay: ${regular_pay + overtime_pay:.2f}")

Explanation

Line 4: hours = float(input("Enter hours worked: ")) - float() allows decimal hours like 7.5 or 40.25 - hours variable is float type

Line 6: if hours < 0: - Input validation - checks for invalid negative hours - Guard clause catches errors before calculations - Good practice to validate input early

Line 8: elif hours <= 40: - <= means less-than-or-equal - Checks if hours are within regular time (40 hours or less) - Range is 0 to 40 (inclusive)

Line 9: pay = hours * 15 - * multiplication operator - 15 is the hourly rate (integer literal) - Result is float (float * int = float) - pay variable stores calculated float

Line 12: regular_pay = 40 * 15 - Fixed calculation for 40 hours at regular rate - Always 600.0 for overtime scenarios - 40 and 15 are integer literals, but result is stored as float

Line 13: overtime_pay = (hours - 40) * 22.50 - Parentheses ensure subtraction before multiplication - hours - 40 calculates overtime hours only - 22.50 is float literal (overtime rate: 1.5x regular) - Example: 45 hours = 5 overtime hours × $22.50 = $112.50

Line 16: print(f"Total pay: ${regular_pay + overtime_pay:.2f}") - Addition happens inside f-string placeholder - + operator adds two float values - Result formatted to 2 decimal places for currency